c. 60,000 BCE herbs -- c. 10,000 BCE alcohol -- c. 5000 BCE alchemy -- c. 3000 BCE cannabis -- c. 2737 BCE tea -- c. 2500 BCE opium -- c. 1500 BCE Smith and Ebers papyri -- c. 500 BCE Rauwolfia -- 399 BCE hemlock -- c. 200 BCE mandrake -- c. 65 BCE theriac of mithridates -- c. 60 materia medica -- c. 70 colchicine -- c. 800 coffee -- 1250 arsenic -- 1456 witches' flying ointments -- 1532 coca -- 1542 belladonna -- 1602 antimonials -- 1623 patent medicines -- 1639 cinchona bark -- 1670 ergot -- 1676 laudanum -- 1681 ferrous sulfate -- 1682 ipecac -- 1704 hydrogen cyanide -- 1753 clinical testing of drugs -- 1762 aconite -- 1774 tetrodotoxin -- 1775 digitalis -- 1793 calomel -- 1796 smallpox vaccine -- 1796 homeopathic medicine -- 1797 absinthe -- 1806 alkaloids -- 1806 morphine -- 1818 strychnine -- 1819 caffeine -- 1820 quinine -- 1831 atropine -- 1832 codeine -- 1839 medical marijuana -- 1844 nitrous oxide -- 1846 ether -- 1847 chloroform -- 1850 curare -- 1857 bromides -- 1867 phenol -- 1869 chloral hydrate -- 1875 digitoxin -- 1875 physostigmine -- 1879 nitroglycerin -- 1881 scopolamine -- 1882 paraldehyde -- 1884 cocaine -- 1888 theophylline -- 1897 mescaline -- 1898 heroin -- 1899 aspirin -- 1901 epinephrine/adrenaline -- 1902 phenolphthalein -- 1903 barbital -- 1905 atoxyl -- 1905 novocain -- 1905 drug receptors -- 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act -- 1906 Food and Drug Administration -- 1909 oxytocin -- 1910 salvarsan -- 1912 phenobarbital -- 1912 quinidine -- 1914 thyroxine -- 1916 heparin -- 1920 neurotransmitters -- 1920 merbaphen -- 1921 carbon tetrachloride -- 1921 insulin -- 1924 hexylresorcinol -- 1925 ergotamine and ergonovine -- 1927 insulin shock therapy -- 1927 thimerosal -- 1928 penicillin -- 1928 nembutal and seconal -- 1929 estrone and estrogen -- 1932 amphetamine -- 1933 progesterone and progestin -- 1933 dinitrophenol -- 1934 thiopental -- 1935 tubocurarine -- 1935 prontosil -- 1935 testosterone -- 1935 neostigmine and pyridostigmine -- 1936 tabun and sarin -- 1936 sulfanilamide -- 1937 dapsone -- 1938 diethylstilbestrol -- 1938 dilantin -- 1938 Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act -- 1939 DDT -- 1940 percorten -- 1940 warfarin -- 1941 premarin -- 1942 nitrogen mustard -- 1943 LSD -- 1944 streptomycin -- 1944 neo-antergan -- 1944 methamphetamine -- 1945 flourides -- 1946 benadryl -- 1946 radioiodine -- 1947 methadone -- 1947 drug metabolism -- 1947 chloroquine -- 1947 amethopterin and methotrexate -- 1948 tetracyclines -- 1948 xylocaine -- 1949 lithium -- 1949 chloramphenicol -- 1949 cortisone -- 1951 succinylcholine -- 1951 isoniazid -- 1951 malathion -- 1951 phenergan -- 1951 benemid -- 1952 chlorpromazine -- 1952 reserpine -- 1952 iproniazid -- 1952 erthromycin -- 1952 diamox -- 1953 acetaminophen/paracetamol -- 1953 mercaptopurine -- 1954 nystatin -- 1954 polio vaccine -- 1955 meprobamate -- 1955 placebos -- 1955 ritalin -- 1956 dianabol -- 1956 amphotericin B -- 1957 orinase -- 1957 thalidomide -- 1957 tofranil and elavil -- 1958 griseofulvin -- 1958 glucophage -- 1958 diuril -- 1958 haldol -- 1958 vinca alkaloids -- 1958 dextromethorphan -- 1959 flagyl -- 1960 librium -- 1960 enovid -- 1961 ampicillin -- 1961 hexachlorophene -- 1961 monoamine oxidase inhibitors -- 1962 Kefauver-Harris Amendment -- 1962 off-label drug use -- 1963 valium -- 1963 gentamicin -- 1964 propranolol -- 1964 cephalothin -- 1966 lasix -- 1966 zyloprim -- 1967 rifampin -- 1967 clomid -- 1967 valproic acid -- 1967 phencyclidine -- 1968 levodopa -- 1968 albuterol/salbutamol -- 1968 rhoGAM -- 1968 fentanyl -- 1968 butazolidin -- 1972 praziquantel -- 1972 artemisinin -- 1973 opioids -- 1973 tamoxifen -- 1975 rohypnol -- 1976 beclovent -- 1976 tagamet -- 1976 MDMA/ecstasy -- 1977 lethal injection -- 1978 timoptic -- 1981 captopril -- 1981 xanax -- 1982 acyclovir -- 1982 biologic drugs -- 1982 human insulin -- 1982 accutane -- 1983 cyclosporine/ciclosporin -- 1983 propofol -- 1985 growth hormone -- 1986 crack cocaine -- 1986 buSpar -- 1987 AZT/retrovir -- 1987 cipro -- 1987 mevacor -- 1987 prozac -- 1987 ivermectin -- 1987 tPA -- 1988 rogaine -- 1988 mifepristone -- 1989 prilosec -- 1989 clozapine -- 1989 epoetin -- 1989 botox -- 1991 imitrex -- 1991 nicotine replacement therapy -- 1991 neupogen -- 1992 proscar and prepecia -- 1992 ambien -- 1993 cognex and aricept -- 1993 claritin -- 1994 ephedra/ephedrine -- 1994 dietary supplements -- 1995 fosamax -- 1996 HAART -- 1996 oxyContin -- 1996 zyprexa -- 1997 plavix -- 1997 direct-to-consumer ads -- 1997 synthroid -- 1997 evista -- 1997 flomax -- 1998 celebrex and vioxx -- 1998 viagra -- 1998 herceptin -- 1998 enbrel, remicade, and humira -- 1999 plan B -- 2001 gleevec/glivec -- 2003 iressa and erbitux -- 2003 I7P/ progesterone injections and gel -- 2003 resveratrol-- 2004 avastin -- 2006 gardasil -- 2006 chantix/champix -- 2006 lucentis -- 2010 avandia -- 2010 provenge -- 2010 gilenya -- 2010 prescription drug abuse -- 2010 weight-loss drugs -- 2010 pradaxa -- 2011 viread -- 2011 victrelis and incivek -- 2011 benlysta -- 2012 broad-spectrum sunscreens -- 2012 kalydeco -- 2014 anti-alzheimer's drugs -- 2015 female viagra -- 2018 smart drugs -- 2020 antiaging drugs -- 2020 gene therapy.