Defining modern Chinese culture / Kam Louie -- Social and political developments : the making of the twentieth-century Chinese state / Peter Zarrow -- Historical consciousness and national identity / Prasenjit Duara -- Gender in modern Chinese culture / Harriet Evans -- Ethnicity and Chinese identity : ethnographic insight and political positioning / William Jankowiak -- Flag, flame and embers : diaspora cultures / Wang Gungwu -- Modernizing Confucianism and' new Confucianism' / Sor-Hoon Tan -- Socialism in China : a historical overview / Arif Dirlik -- Chinese religious traditions from 1900--2005 : an overview / Daniel L. Overmyer -- Languages in a modernizing China / Ping Chen -- The revolutionary tradition in modern Chinese literature / Charles Laughlin -- The involutionary tradition in modern Chinese literature / Michel Hockx -- Music and performing arts : tradition, reform and political and social relevance / Colin Mackerras -- Revolutions in vision : Chinese art and the experience of modernity / David Clarke -- Cinema : from foreign import to global brand / Chris Berry -- Media boom and cyber culture : television and the Internet in China / Liu Kang -- Physical culture, sports and the Olympics / Susan Brownell.